Hacking Electronics An Illustrated DIY Guide for Makers and Hobbyists – PDF DOWNLOAD
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Hacking Electronics An Illustrated DIY Guide for Makers and Hobbyists – PDF DOWNLOAD
Language : English
Pages : 305
Downloadable : Yes
File Type : PDF
Size: 17.3 MB
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Hacking Electronics An Illustrated DIY Guide for Makers and Hobbyists – PDF DOWNLOAD
Introduction:
This is a book about “hacking” electronics. It is not a formal, theory-based book about electronics.
Its sole aim is to equip the reader with the skills he or she needs to use electronics to make
something, whether it’s starting from scratch, connecting together modules, or adapting existing
electronic devices for some new use.
You will learn how to experiment and get your ideas into some kind of order, so that what
you make will work. Along the way, you’ll gain an appreciation for why things work and the
limits of what they can do, and learn how to make prototypes on solderless breadboard, how to
solder components directly to each other, and how to use stripboard.
You will also learn how to use the popular Arduino microcontroller board, which has become
one of the most important tools available to the electronics hacker. There are over 20 examples of
how to use an Arduino with electronics in this book.
Electronics has changed. This is a modern book that avoids theory you will likely never use
and instead concentrates on how you can build things using readymade modules when they are
available. There is, after all, no point in reinventing the wheel.
Some of the things explained and described in the book include
●● Using LEDs, including high-power Lumileds
●● Using LiPo battery packs and buck-boost power supply modules
●● Using sensors to measure light, temperature, vibration, acceleration, sound level,
and color
●● Interfacing with Arduino microcontroller boards, including using Arduino shields such as
the Ethernet and LCD display shields
●● Using servo and stepper motors
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Hacking Electronics An Illustrated DIY Guide for Makers and Hobbyists – PDF DOWNLOAD
Cover 1
About the Author 3
Title Page 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents at a Glance 8
Contents 10
Acknowledgments 20
Introduction 22
You Will Need 23
How to Use This Book 24
1 Getting Started 28
Getting Stuff 28
Buying Components 28
Where to Buy Things to Hack 29
A Basic Toolkit 30
How to Strip a Wire 32
You Will Need 32
How to Join Wires Together by Twisting 34
You Will Need 34
How to Join Wires by Soldering 35
Safety 35
You Will Need 36
Soldering 37
Joining Wires 38
How to Test a Connection 39
You Will Need 39
How to Hack a Computer Fan to Keep Soldering Fumes Away 41
You Will Need 41
Construction 41
Summary 45
2 Theory and Practice 46
How to Assemble a Starter Kit of Components 46
You Will Need 46
How to Identify Electronic Components 47
Resistors 47
Capacitors 49
Diodes 50
LEDs 50
Transistors 51
Integrated Circuits 51
Other Stuff 52
Surface Mount Components 52
What Are Current, Resistance, and Voltage? 52
Current 53
Resistance 53
Voltage 53
Ohm’s Law 54
What Is Power? 55
How to Read a Schematic Diagram 56
The First Rule of Schematics: Positive Voltages Are Uppermost 56
Second Rule of Schematics: Things Happen Left to Right 57
Names and Values 57
Component Symbols 57
Summary 58
3 Basic Hacks 60
How to Make a Resistor Get Hot 60
You Will Need 60
The Experiment 60
How to Use Resistors to Divide a Voltage 61
You Will Need 61
How to Convert a Resistance to a Voltage (and Make a Light Meter) 64
You Will Need 64
Hack a Push Light to Make It Light Sensing 66
You Will Need 66
Breadboard 67
Construction 68
How to Choose a Bipolar Transistor 72
Datasheets 72
MOSFET Transistors 73
PNP and N-Channel Transistors 73
Common Transistors 74
How to Use a Power MOSFET to Control a Motor 75
You Will Need 75
Breadboard 75
How to Select the Right Switch 77
Push-Button Switches 77
Microswitches 78
Toggle Switches 78
Summary 80
4 LEDs 82
How to Stop an LED from Burning Out 82
You Will Need 82
Diodes 83
LEDs 83
Trying It Out 85
How to Select the Right LED for the Job 86
You Will Need 86
Brightness and Angle 86
Multicolor 87
IR and UV 87
LEDs for Illumination 88
How to Use a LM317 to Make a Constant Current Driver 89
You Will Need 89
Design 90
Breadboard 91
Construction 92
How to Measure the Forward Voltage of an LED 93
You Will Need 94
How to Power Large Numbers of LEDs 95
How to Make LEDs Flash 96
You Will Need 96
Breadboard 96
How to Use Stripboard (LED Flasher) 98
Designing the Stripboard Layout 98
You Will Need 100
Construction 101
Troubleshooting 104
How to Use a Laser Diode Module 105
Hacking a Slot Car Racer 105
You Will Need 105
Storing Charge in a Capacitor 106
Design 107
Construction 108
Testing 108
Summary 109
5 Batteries and Power 110
Selecting the Right Battery 110
Battery Capacity 110
Maximum Discharge Rate 111
Single-Use Batteries 111
Rechargeable Batteries 113
Charging Batteries (in General) 115
C 115
Over-Charging 116
Over-Discharging 116
Battery Life 116
How to Charge a NiMH Battery 116
Simple Charging 117
Fast Charging 118
How to Charge a Sealed Lead–Acid Battery 118
Charging with a Variable Power Supply 118
How to Charge a LiPo Battery 119
Hacking a Cell Phone Battery 120
Controlling the Voltage from a Battery 122
You Will Need 123
Breadboard 124
Boosting Voltage 124
Calculating How Long a Battery Will Last 125
How to Design for Battery Backup 126
Diodes 126
Trickle Charging 127
How to Use Solar Cells 128
Testing a Solar Panel 129
Trickle Charging with a Solar Panel 130
Minimizing Power Consumption 131
Summary 131
6 Hacking Arduino 132
How to Set up Arduino (and Blink an LED) 133
You Will Need 133
Setting Up Arduino 133
Modifying the Blink Sketch 136
How to Make an Arduino Control a Relay 139
Relays 139
Arduino Outputs 139
You Will Need 141
Construction 141
Software 142
How to Hack a Toy for Arduino Control 143
You Will Need 143
Construction 143
The Serial Monitor 145
Software 145
How to Measure Voltage with an Arduino 146
You Will Need 147
Construction 147
Software 147
How to Use an Arduino to Control an LED 149
You Will Need 149
Construction 149
Software (Flashing) 150
Software (Brightness) 151
How to Play a Sound with an Arduino 152
You Will Need 152
Construction 153
Software 153
How to Use Arduino Shields 154
How to Control a Relay from a Web Page 155
You Will Need 156
Construction 157
Network Configuration 158
Testing 158
Software 159
How to Use an Alphanumeric LCD Shield with Arduino 163
You Will Need 164
Construction 164
Software 164
How to Drive a Servo Motor with an Arduino 166
You Will Need 167
Construction 167
Software 167
How to Charlieplex LEDs 169
You Will Need 170
Construction 170
Software 170
How to Type Passwords Automatically 172
You Will Need 173
Construction 173
Software 173
Summary 174
7 Hacking with Modules 176
How to Use a PIR Motion Sensor Module 176
You Will Need (PIR and LED) 177
Breadboard 177
You Will Need (PIR and Arduino) 178
Construction 178
Software 179
How to Use Ultrasonic Rangefinder Modules 180
You Will Need 181
The HC-SR04 Rangefinder 182
The MaxBotix LV-EZ1 Rangefinder 184
How to Use a Wireless Remote Module 186
You Will Need 186
Breadboard 186
How to Use a Wireless Remote Module with Arduino 188
You Will Need 188
Software 188
How to Control Motor Speed with a Power MOSFET 190
You Will Need 190
Breadboard 191
Software 192
How to Control DC Motors with an H-Bridge Module 193
You Will Need 197
Breadboard 197
Using the Control Pins 198
How to Control a Stepper Motor with an H-Bridge Module 199
You Will Need 201
Construction 202
Software 202
How to Make a Simple Robot Rover 204
You Will Need 205
Construction 206
Testing 208
Software 209
How to Use a Seven-Segment LED Display Module 210
You Will Need 212
Construction 213
Software 214
How to Use a Real-Time Clock Module 215
You Will Need 216
Construction 217
Software 218
Summary 219
8 Hacking with Sensors 220
How to Detect Noxious Gas 220
You Will Need 220
The LM311 Comparator 221
Breadboard 222
Using a Gas Sensor with an Arduino 223
How to Measure Something’s Color 224
You Will Need 225
Construction 226
Software 226
How to Detect Vibration 229
You Will Need 229
Construction 229
Software 230
How to Measure Temperature 231
You Will Need 232
Construction 232
Software 232
How to Use an Accelerometer 233
You Will Need 234
Construction 234
Software 235
How to Sense Magnetic Fields 237
You Will Need 238
Construction 238
Software 239
Summary 239
9 Audio Hacks 240
Hacking Audio Leads 240
General Principals 240
Soldering Audio Connectors 242
Converting a Stereo Signal to Mono 244
How to Use a Microphone Module 245
How to Make an FM Bug 247
You Will Need 248
Construction 248
Testing 250
Selecting Loudspeakers 250
How to Make a 1-Watt Audio Amplifier 251
You Will Need 252
Construction 253
Testing 254
How to Generate Tones with a 555 Timer 254
You Will Need 256
Construction 256
How to Make a USB Music Controller 256
You Will Need 257
Construction 257
Software 257
How to Make a Software VU Meter 259
You Will Need 260
Construction 260
Software 260
Summary 261
10 Mending and Breaking Electronics 262
How to Avoid Electrocution 262
How to Take Something Apart AND Put It Back Together Again 263
How to Check a Fuse 264
How to Test a Battery 266
How to Test a Heating Element 267
Finding and Replacing Failed Components 267
Testing Components 267
Desoldering 268
Replacement 269
How to Scavenge Useful Components 269
How to Reuse a Cell Phone Power Adapter 270
Summary 271
11 Tools 272
How to Use a Multimeter (General) 272
Continuity and Diode Test 272
Resistance 273
Capacitance 274
Temperature 274
AC Voltage 275
DC Voltage 276
DC Current 276
AC Current 277
Frequency 277
How to Use a Multimeter to Test a Transistor 277
How to Use a Lab Power Supply 278
Introducing: The Oscilloscope 279
Software Tools 280
Simulation 280
Fritzing 280
EAGLE PCB 281
Online Calculators 283
Summary 283
Appendix: Parts 284
Tools 284
Components 285
Component Starter Kits 285
Resistors 285
Capacitors 286
Semiconductors 286
Hardware and Miscellaneous 287
Modules 288
Index 290
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